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Section 1 · அறத்துப்பால் (Virtue) · Chapter 15 / 133

Not Coveting Another's Wife

பிறன்இல் விழையாமை
Kural 143

விளிந்தாரின் வேறல்லர் மன்ற தெளிந்தார்இல்
தீமை புரிந்தொழுகு வார்.

viḷintāriṉ vēṟallar maṉṟa teḷintāril / tīmai purintoḻuku vār

Modern readingAI draft

Those who betray the home of a friend who trusts them are, though living, no different from the dead.

Other translations · Pope (1886) & Aiyar (1916)
G.U. Pope1886

They're numbered with the dead, e'en while they live, -how otherwise? / With wife of sure confiding friend who evil things devise.

V.V.S. Aiyar1916

Verily they are in the jaws of death who invade the home of an unsuspecting friend.

Read for

The Kural in life

AI draft · Pending review
In everyday life

Living, yet as good as dead.

Valluvar's verdict is severe. Those who, desiring wrong, betray the home of a friend who fully trusts them are — though they still breathe — no different from the dead. The trust is the aggravation: it is the home of someone who never suspected them, and to violate that is to forfeit the real fruits of a life even while the body lives on.

Parimelazhagar: dead because life's fruits are gone.

Parimelazhagar explains the harsh image: the soul does not reach the proper fruits of life — virtue, wealth, and joy — so the betrayer is 'no different from the dead.' And 'a trusting friend' is stressed because the wrong is done precisely under cover of another's confidence. The betrayal of trust is what turns a living person into a walking corpse.

The one betrayal nothing survives.

Many wrongs can be repaired; betraying the trust of someone who let you into their life is rarely one of them. To be welcomed as a friend and to use that welcome against them is to kill, in yourself, the thing that made you worth trusting. Valluvar's 'as good as dead' is exact: such a person may keep walking around, but the friend, the self, and the future they had are already gone.

The pattern named

Betraying a trusting friend's home leaves you, though living, no better than dead.

Valluvar's severe verdict: those who betray the home of a friend who fully trusts them are, though breathing, no different from the dead. Parimelazhagar: the soul misses life's real fruits — virtue, wealth, joy — so the betrayer is a living corpse; and 'a trusting friend' is stressed because the wrong abuses another's confidence.

The counsel

Treat a trust given to you as something you can never betray.

When someone lets you into their life and home, that trust is sacred — to use it against them is the one betrayal little survives. Be most careful exactly where you are most trusted; to abuse a welcome is to kill, in yourself, the thing that made you worth trusting. Guard the trust as you would your own life — by this verse, it is your life.

The Tamil heart
விளிந்தார்viḷintārவிளிந்தார் means 'those who have died, the dead' (from விளி, to perish). Valluvar says the betrayer of a trusting friend is 'no different from விளிந்தார்' — the dead — though still alive. English 'as good as dead' is close, but the Tamil flatly classes them with the deceased: a person breathing but cut off from every real fruit of living.